Research Korner: Rights of the Child

Child Protection

Protecting Children Many children are at a risk of being abused, making it a debatable subject as it can be defined in different contexts with inexplicable views. The (Working Together 1999:5:2.3) publication sets out the definition of child abuse as, “Somebody may abuse or neglect a child by inflicting harm, or by failing to act to prevent harm. Children may be abused in a family or in an institutional or community setting; by those known to them or, more rarely, by a stranger”. This signifies that abuse can be classified into categories of physical, emotional, sexual abuse and neglect. All abuse result in long-term damage affecting a child’s well being; creating a negative impact on their lives as adults; while in extreme cases a child may even die if concerns are not acted upon. This essay will provide a brief overview of the historic development and the cases that have had a massive impact with regards to provision and legislation that strengthens it; in terms of existing attitudes, social policy and any other major influences, which are believed to be prevalent. It will also include the aims and objectives followed by the Local Safeguarding Children Board (LSCB) and contemplate on the Child Protection Policies of the setting where the practitioner works. Munro (2002:p28) indicates that, “The protection of children from harm at the hands of their parents and carers occurs within a social context that shapes every stage of the process.”This proved significant as a number of prosecutions and complaints to the SNSPCC, the Children Act 1908 broadened the definition of neglect. The legislative momentum from the 1880's up to the 1950's including the Children and Young Persons Acts of 1932 and 1937 accentuated the free rights of the child to be safeguarded from brutality and cruelty and be protected by the state. The outcome of this approach to child protection resulted in children being taken out of their homes and rehabilitated in residential care where they were seen as troublesome and difficult. WW11 brought about the awareness of children’s conditions to the public and it was recognised that there was an absolute need for a strategic and comprehensive policy in relation to the welfare and safety of children. Abrams (1998, pg. 207) states that “Local authorities were urged to coordinate child protection services in order that all possible assistance from statutory services were made available to support families"  This resulted in the implementation of the Children Act 1948 and additional importance was placed on family orientated support work during the 1950's and 60's.   Since then, a considerable change in services to safeguard children has evolved over the decades. Monro(2002:p38) further states that, “The quality of children’s life came under more scrutiny as it became more public in the 19th century and so, revealed the effects of poverty and deprivation.” This led to the awareness of placing emphasis on families in bringing up healthy and honest children. Ill-treatment and neglect could result in destruction, leading to death or serious problems and this gave rise to the NSPCC, based on the American pattern. Kempe (1979:p9) indicates that, “society’s recognition of abuse to children progress over time…… by psychotic, drunken, or drugged parents or foreign visitors. This is evident from the death of Maria Colwell at the hands of her stepfather in 1970 which spotlighted the commencement of child protection procedures and an interest in the treatment of children, increasing an awareness of child abuse. Local authorities were required to establish inter-agency child protection committees and preventative social work was beginning to take form. The deaths of Jasmine Beckford, (1985), Tyra Henry, (1987) and Kimberley Carlile, (1987) and inquiries into child abuse/protection in the 1980s and 1990s brought a chain of child protection investigations, which projected child protection into the limelight.   The removal of children from their homes in Cleveland had an impact on the Children Act –1989, which for the first time gave a distinct designation of children in need. Tisdall et al(1999: p28)denotes that “Lord Clyde's report made 194 recommendations, suggesting considerable reform in the procedures of child protection, children's hearings and social work training.” This Act stressed upon the importance of the welfare of the child, whether living at home or under the care of the local authority. It also emphasised the importance of parental responsibility and encouraged family entity by providing a support network for families in need, and working in ‘partnership’ with the parents. According to the Children Act 1989 the child’s best interest is paramount, which implies that children should be treated as individuals, ensuring they are safe and their needs catered for. It places a duty on local authorities to work with social services acting on behalf of children in need who are afflicted from what the act calls “significant harm” which incorporates any kind of abuse or ill treatment. Enquiring into allegations of child abuse England and Wales later produced Working Together to Safeguard Children (1999), which emphasised the responsibilities of professionals towards children who are at risk of harm and strengthen requirements to work in partnership with families. Clear and rigorous guidelines were given for professional workers insisting on the configuration of assessment when undertaking an investigation and the appropriate action to be taken.   In spite this, in 1991 a similar situation occurred in Orkney, where nine children were removed from their homes because of suspected sexual abuse and other cases. The Children Act 1989 implemented in 1991 provided much needed transparency in many areas of the policy claiming that the social services were failing in many areas of management and confirmed the urgent need for change within the system. Following the Orkney Inquiry, New Child Protection Orders for emergency situations and Child Assessment Orders have been introduced. New Exclusion Order means that where it is deemed necessary to protect a child from a suspected abuser, the abuser can be excluded rather than remove the child from home and "such a provision respects the child's right to remain with (the rest of) his or her family, rather than feeling doubly victimised - by the abuse itself and also from being separated from familiar and supportive surroundings" (Tisdall, 1996, p. 35). This means that the Children Act 1989 helped children to live at home with their loved ones rather than separate them from their parents, siblings and friends. It safeguarded children by getting rid of the perpetrator and leaving the innocent child from being victimised.   Annan (2002:p12-Cited in Storey, K. Presentation handout) points out that, “The idea of children’s rights may be a beacon guiding the way to the future-but it is also illuminating how many adults neglect their responsibilities towards children and how children are too often the victims of the ugliest and most shameful human activities.” This goes to portray that despite all the legislations to protect children, Victoria Climbie suffered brutal physical and mental harm and finally died in February 2000 at the hands of her carers. During the inquiry Lord Lamming got in touch with all those concerned in the services that Victoria came into contact with. It was found that her death was preventable on twelve separate occasions. Lamming found that services were not collaborating with each other and had problems due to staffing levels and resources and failed to deliver their statutory rights under certain acts. In a speech by Lord Lamming in January 2003 he says that “the staff involved in this work have to tread a careful line between respecting the rights of parents and acting to protect a child from harm” http://www.victoriaclimbieinquiry (Accessed 4th Dec,2007). The inquiry made 108 recommendations for change in local services, which had to be acted on promptly. The death of Victoria Climbie led to the Green Paper- Every Child Matters agenda which in turn led to the Children Bill 2004. The overall aim of the Children’s Act 2004 according to Pugh & Bernadette is to develop outcomes for children and narrow the gap between the ones that do well and those who don’t through reconfiguring services between children and families. Looking into the new philosophy of the Children Act 2004 it can be established that ‘prevention is better than cure’ which means that to prevent abuse and neglect is to protect a child. As spotted out from the website http://www.womensaid.org.uk. (Accessed 5 January 2008) This Act intends to “maximise opportunities and minimise risks for all children and young people.  It follows the consultation on the Green Paper, Every Child Matters, and also Lord Laming’s Inquiry Report into the death of Victoria Climbie.  It focuses on creating clear accountability for children’s services and enabling better joint working, particularly amongst statutory agencies.” This indicates that the Act stresses on working together and prevention, which is a new way of working within child protection. It does not replace the Children Act 1989 but has been built to revise what is seen to be deficit in it. The Children Act 2004 has implemented a national database, known as the Child Protection Register (CPR). The Act sets out to amalgamate services to children so that every child can attain the 5 outcomes laid out in the Every Child Matters Green Paper; introducing the star ratings system for social services in local authorities. The new database works using a flagging system, where all children in the UK have their basic details on the database. It also ensures that social care workers are appropriately trained and qualified. Following the Soham murder case, Sir Michael Bichard led an independent inquiry into child protection measures, record keeping, vetting and information sharing. This gave rise to securing a CRB - where an enhanced disclosure check by the police is an absolute compulsion for any adult working with children. Ofsted, the official body for inspecting schools stipulates that “The registered person complies with local child protection procedures approved by the Area Child Protection Committee and ensures that all adults working and looking after children in the setting are able to put the procedures into practice.” The Bristol Area Child Protection Guidance states that, “children might disclose concerns to staff as a good rapport of trust is built between them due to daily contact. This will enable staff to identify concerning changes of behaviour or physical injuries which can be looked into.” (The Bristol Standard Self Evaluation Framework: March 2004). This brings to mind that teachers were not officially permitted to play a significant part in the prevention of child abuse until the publication of The DHSS Working Together paper in 1988 (DfES, 1995) which instructs the education service on its responsibility in helping to protect children from abuse. It also goes further to acknowledge that teachers are in a unique position to distinguish and hence report any signs of child abuse. The school’s role is to examine and refer and keep children safe thus having a definite role to play in primary prevention.(See Appendix 1- Referral sheet from the setting). In 1999 the update of the DHSS Working Together Paper outlines the school’s role very concisely. “They can play a part in the prevention of abuse and neglect through their own policies and procedures for safeguarding children and through the curriculum” (Working Together,1999 : p14) School policies and procedures as mentioned in the Working Together Paper (DHSS, 1999) greatly assist in keeping children safe and in preventing child abuse. The setting where the practitioner works has considered this and places the highest priority to the protection and welfare of all children and states this in the Child Protection Policy. (See Appendix -2&3) Staff have completed training in Foundation Child Protection in 2006 and this training is updated regularly. Area Child Protection Committees (ACPCs) have now been replaced by Local Safeguarding Children Boards (LSCBs). Swindon has its own Swindon Local Safeguarding Children Board- Safeguarding Swindon’s Children. The Swindon LSCB “believes that keeping children safe and young people safe is everybody’s business.”  Its aim is “Working together to keep children safe in Swindon.” The LSCBs put the work of the ACPCs onto a statutory footing which is set out in the Children Act 2004 and includes local authorities, health bodies, the police and others. The objective of the LSCBs is to coordinate and to ensure the effectiveness of their member agencies in safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children being a part of an interlocking set of guidance supporting the Children Act 2004 “whilst reflecting the principles of the Rights of the Child and the European Convention on Human Rights.” (Cited in handout by Howe, A. 2007). The provision made available by the LSCB is produced through assistance issued by the Department for Education and Skills, the department of Health and the Home Office, notably Working Together to safeguard Children (2006).   In conclusion, Lindon (2003) suggests that “Protecting children from harm is the responsibility of parents and professionals working with children right through to senior managers and politicians. And this is particularly so for early childhood workers, who are working with the youngest and most vulnerable children on a daily basis.” But this was not the case with Jasmine Beckford, (1985), Tyra Henry, (1987), Kimberley Carlile, (1987) Maria Colwell (1970) and Victoria Climbie (2000) who lost their lives due to abuse, neglect and problems of inter professional communication which is a downfall on the child protection laws and legislations. Allegations of physical, emotional and sexual abuse within care homes are still surfacing. The question lies with -Do all local authorities maintain an efficient child protection procedure and sufficient support for families in need? Despite the massive overhaul of child care law, children are still suffering and dying, which is apparent that it is not entirely full proof.  However, child welfare reforms are constantly being reviewed and campaigned for, coming under scrutiny in areas seen to be lacking in appropriate policy, bringing about an enormous change in child protection services. Policies and procedures are constantly implemented placing the responsibility on all professionals working with children to work collectively to safeguard children. Lessons were not learnt from the Cleveland Inquiry and were repeated once again in the Orkney inquiry. Professionals did not consider whether the alleged abuse had taken place or not and proceeded to go ahead and remove the children from their home. Multi agencies involving social workers, the police and other agencies as appropriate did not consider looking into the Children Act 1989 which clearly states that "The welfare of the child is paramount” and this should have been the overriding consideration before making any decision. In this scenario no consideration was taken about the grief, anxiety and guilt that go with removing a child from their home as if they were objects without feelings.  Holmes G. (2007) states that, “Despite the work of the NSPCC and other organisations, roughly the same number of children are killed each year.” This is because some parents and carers might not realise the impacts of their actions and how it can have an adverse effect on a child’s life. According to Wood (2007), “In Swindon alone, there are 105 children on the child protection register.” Parliament has tried to curb the abuse and neglect of children, which led to the Children’s Charter, enabling the state to intervene for the first time in relations between parents and children. Even after the implementation of policies and legislations to protect children from all harm, there is still a lot of hindrance in the service offered to children. The interest and wishes of the child are usually ignored when carrying out an assessment by the people involved in making decisions about them, either by failing to consult or involve children in proceedings. This implies the fact that we are losing the idea, that the welfare of the child is paramount by damaging little children who will go into society emotionally and mentally disturbed.  It must be noted that these inquiries and reports have made constructive progress in helping to eliminate child abuse. However, to get it a 100% right is next to impossible as human judgement is often erratic. Finally, it can be perceived that, the aim of enquiries is not to blame, but to learn lessons which will help protect children from abuse and neglect in the future. The Government is endeavouring into promoting better welfare for young children. The Children Act 2004 makes it clear that safeguarding children is everyone’s responsibility. New laws are put in place where CRB checks make it absolutely sure, about who should and shouldn’t work with children. Abuse seems to occur irrespective of status, religion, colour or ethnic background. Legislations have evolved to help children and parents find better ‘quality’ welfare and childcare ,with the hope that there will come a time when society can provide an overall service for children, protecting them from all harm and realise the true meaning in,                                                 ‘Every Child Matters’.   References Bross, D. , Krugman, M., Lenherr, Rosenberg, D. eds. (1988) The New Child Protection Team Handbook. New York: Garland Publishing. Children Act 1989 (www.hmso.gov.uk accessed on 11/11/2007)   Children Act 2004 (www.hmso .gov.uk accessed on 11/11/2007)   Corby,B.(2000) Child Abuse Second Edition:Open University Press.   DHSS (1999)  Working together to Safeguard Children HMSO DfES (2003) Every Child Matters.   European Convention of Human Rights (www.hrcr.org)   Flynn,H. (2004) Protecting Children. Working together to keep children safe. Oxford: Heinemann. Handout by H.Andrea (21 .09.2007)   Handout by Wood J. (28.09.2007).   http://www.bichardinquiry.org.uk/pdf/Bichard_report.pdf. Accessed 29/12/2007.   http://www.childrens-hearings.co.uk/pdf/krcy.pdf (Accessed 10/11/2007)   http://www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/socialcare/safeguarding Accessed 11/11/2007)   http:www.swindonlscb.org.uk (Accessed 10/11/2007) http://www.womensaid.org.uk. (Accessed 5 January 2008)  Hobart C. & Frankel J. (1998) Good Practice in Child Protection Lindon J (2003) Child Protection: British Library Cataloguing.   Munro, E.(2002)  Effective Child Protection: Sage Publications, London. Presentation Handout by Woodwards B. (30.11.2007) Presentation Handout by Storey K. (30.11.2007)   Reder,P et al (1993) Beyond Blame:Child Abuse Tragedies Revisited Rouledge.   Rights of the Child (www.unicef.org)   The Bristol Standard self evaluation Framework (March 2004) TSO (2006) Working together to Safeguard Children: A Guide to Inter agency Working to Safeguard & Promote the Welfare of Children.   Wilson K. et al. (2007) The Child Protection Handbook   Working together 2006 :Local Safeguarding Children Boards.(find book)

Child Protection

Protecting Children Many children are at a risk of being abused, making it a debatable subject as it can be defined in different ...

The concept of child protection

I.       Introduction It is a universally accepted fact that it is the right of every child to be free from being subjected to any harm. This is the basic premise of the concept of child protection. To date, issues pertaining to the encroachment of the rights of the child has consistently piled up as manifested in the cases stock up all over the world. Such issues like child prostitution and child labor are mere examples of the tumultuous environment on which a child could encounter. It is only appropriate that nations all over the world recognize the immediate concern regarding this phenomenon. Unless this issue of abuse and neglect has consistently been impressed on the individual child, its troubling consequences shall continue to rise as well. Some of these consequences include a significantly reduced life span of the child which is manifested in fluctuating mortality rates. Other issues like poor education, homelessness and the trickling effect of poor parenting in the future are only a few that has been pointed out in the existing literature on the protection of the rights of the child. Hong Kong is one of the states of the world that adheres to the protection of such rights. However, there may well be a problem in this regard as there certain instances that still reflect the infringement of such rights. To some extent, this may indicate a possibility that a good number of individuals have no clue as to the existence of such rights and that its actual violations are tantamount to felonies, offenses and even crimes against the law. II.    Abuse of the Child Child abuse has accumulated numerous definitions throughout the years. Generally, it is considered as the maltreatment that comprise of every types of physical, emotional, sexual, and negligent management of the child. Essentially, the common denominator in this extent is the presence of danger and the potential harm on which the child is subjected. Normally, it is said that the adults are the ones who have directly or culpably responsible for such maltreatment. Whether or not there is intent in causing the harm is immaterial. Consummation of such acts is tantamount to abuse. The following parts shall define the common acts of child abuse recognized by the international community. A.   Physical Abuse This is characterized as the acts committed by the parent or the guardian of the child that triggers actual injury or the possibility of injury on the child. In the study by UNICE from 1980-2005, there are current adults who have suffered from abuse when they were children. In a 2002 study of the same, there were approximately 1.2 million children that were subjected to child trafficking all over the world on a yearly basis. In countries in East and West Africa, Yemen, and some parts of Southeast Asia, female children are subjected to the abhorrent practice of female genital mutilation. The UNICEF indicated in their website that there were over a hundred and thirty million women, young and old, who have undergone the repulsive act. B.   Sexual Abuse There is danger on the life and limb of the child with the existence of actual offenders that pinpoint young individuals as prey. The problem is that this is expounded by the inherent possibility that these types of offenders may come in the form of trusted individuals. The context of sexual abuse is characterized as any act whereas the parent, guardian, or any adult employs the child as a means of gratifying his/her sexual urges. The UNICEF conducted a survey to male and female adults and found out that majority of the respondents experienced sexual abuse as a kid. The same organization also indicated that there are over 1.39 million individuals in the entire world engaging in forced commercial sexual exploitation. If that figure is not troubling enough, it is then imperative to highlight that 40%-50% of these individuals are children.   C.   Emotional Abuse This abuse is rather abstract in nature. It refers to the failure of the parent or guardian to supply the needed emotional support and the environment on which the psychological development of the child is structured. Since it is abstract, there is a considerable difficulty in defining and measuring the actual extent as to what constitute emotional abuse. However, there have been studies that indicated that certain states in the Southeast Asian region indicate that adults constantly use the threat of abandonment as a tool for disciplining a misbehaving child. According to the UNICEF, this form of disciplinary measure is considered as the lesser evil as compared to corporal punishment or hitting the child. D.   Neglect The concept of neglect points the failure of the guardian or the parent to give the necessary elements for the development of the child. Such elements may include education or shelter among others. It must be emphasized that the presence of neglect is not akin to poverty, though a huge possibility of this taking place. Neglect is primarily seen in the rate of child labor all over the globe. In a 2004 study of UNICEF, there were 317 million children from five years old to seven years old who are actively earning money in exchange of labor. The said figure further added that of the said statistic, over 126 million are supposedly engaged in what has been classified as hazardous work.   III.  Child Protection in Hong Kong Traditionally, child welfare in Hong is determined whether or not the child is healthy. A child is considered healthy if it is not emaciated or constantly ill. What was given importance is the well-being of the child with regards to its health. On the other hand, the skewed perception of abuse as a form of discipline is considered as a domestic problem, hence the state could not meddle with. It is only in instances when the child is in a deplorable state that the public take cognizance of the matter. Therefore, in olden times the child must have to incur mortally threatening injuries in order for the state to take action. From the early part of the 90s to the turn of the millennium, the problems regarding child abuse and the encroachment of the rights of the child have consequently increased exponentially. This is apparently because of the fact that there are some cultural constraints that held back the state and civic groups in addressing the issue first hand. The following discussions shall take into account the state actions in Hong Kong with reference to the child abuses described in the earlier part of this paper. A.   Role of the State   B.   Existing Legislation for Child Protection   C.   Civic Society’s Share   IV.Possible Adverse Effects of the Environment   A.   Acts of God   B.   Economic Implications   C.   Reforms in Education   V.   Conclusion   VI.Bibliography

The concept of child protection

I. Introduction It is a universally accepted fact that it is the right of every child to be free from being subjected to any harm. ...

Case Study Analysis Lankton

This is a case analysis of how Lankton will be able to manage its planned innovation. The planned innovation is that the company decided to implement the Novaplast system though the established process of making it available in the marketplace for the new technology.             The author will discuss the following topics: 1. whether such decision is the right thing to do or not; 2. the efficiency of such innovation; 3. the adaptability of the employees as regards to the innovation. A conclusion will end the analysis summarizing the key points that have been discussed in the analysis.   INTRODUCTION             According to Crotty (2008), Nypro Inc. is company, which has been in the manufacturing business of plastic. The company has expanded to fifty-two companies in seventeen countries. Lankton became a president in 1970 until 1998. He now served as the chairman of the board.             Nypro Inc., according to its company website, provides solutions to the highest quality design, development, and global production solution for precision injection molding and related manufacturing solutions. The company has set a different scenario to the manufacturing business of plastics. The edge of having created a leadership in this kind of field was vital to the success of the company.             The market of the company was global, hence allowing the company to reach all the consumers through out the whole world. As it market is global it has been providing world-class service to a variety to successful markets that need precision plastic molding. Its processes differs from the plastic manufacturing company by having a system of supply chain management, high velocity system, Nypro operating way, and focus into the quality.             As there is a need to be consistent with the rapid changes of technology, according to The Financial Express (2008), Nypro’s Lankton saw the burgeoning market for fast, customized variety, which is to implement a Novaplast system. This was taken into consideration by Lankton to utilize the company’s existing business infrastructure and sell the disruptive products to the existing customers. Novaplast system is to provide technical and aesthetic solutions and propose economic estimates for product of plastic manufacturing business. The system has been targeting that the customers will have a complete satisfaction when it comes to construction and layout, as stated by NovaPlast. The establishment of Novaplast system in to Nypro Inc. was to establish a process of making the company available in the marketplace for new technology. The reason for the implementation was to make an answer to the rapid changes of technology. This answer will not only benefit the company but to provide solution to the clamor or demands of the consumers. This system was seen by Lankton as a better way to realize the goal of the company and to give way to the fact that the business world must be conform to the changes of technology and to other changes that may have been the factor that prevents the company to reach success continuously and successively.     EFFICIENCY OF THE INNOVATION             There are many kinds of innovation or changes that a company will undergo but in this analysis, Nypro In. will implement a technological innovation. Technological innovation, according to Ballard, James, Adams, Devine, & Meo (1989), is defined as the commercially profitable creation of a new product or process or the improvement of existing products or process. The authors further stated that technological innovation depends on the creativeness, the successful integration of technological opportunities with market demands, economic risk taking, and an organizational system to manage successfully the process.             From the abovementioned paragraph, the implementation of the Novaplast System as a technological innovation will likely to succeed on the way the company will be able to make the success happen. The efficiency of such innovation will solely depend on how the company will be effectively carried out the process of innovation.             However, it is perceived by the author that such innovation is efficient in making the company be more productive. Nypro Inc. is a market-driven company, hence, the company will be able to put much focus to the market, allowing the market to see that the company is indeed in the process of making its services and products more satisfactorily driven to give way to the needs of the consumers.             In addition, the author perceived that such innovation would be efficient as it accomplishes the fact that it has a world-class technology in all its plants. The establishment of the system will give the company a strict appearance that it has employing world-class technology. The company will benefit to the products that Novaplast will brought as the quality and quantity, hence the company will not have a problem to answer the problems that the future may bring.             The efficiency of the implementation of Novaplast system is determined on the fact that it is an answer to the make the company competitive. Competitiveness must not only be against other manufacturing companies but against the company itself to bring out the real potential and the capabilities of the company in its answer to the demand of technology.             The efficiency of the innovation is determined to the product of the to be implemented system. However, the company must optimize the benefits that it can derive from the system. Optimizing the new technology to be adopted will result to the advantage of the company, as the product will be more effective.   WHETHER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NOVAPLAST SYSTEM IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO             According to The Financial Express (2008), Novaplast system helps the well-compensated brokers get better information faster so that the company will be able to do a better job in serving the needs of the company’s high net-worth clients. The chief concern of Lankton in considering the implementation of the said system was that the company must be able to remove competition in a negative way but in positive factor in order to make the employees more driven to function for the benefit of the company.             As abovementioned, businesses do have to compete with the changes of technology in order to keep breathing as to any kind of obstacles the future may bring. The implementation of the Novaplast system will create a more efficient engineering facility that would best make the employees more of concentrating to the work. This factor will make the implementation a success.             Another factor is that, as an answer to the demand of the rapid changes of technology the company will likely to be producing products in a fast-phased manner. The implementation will work in order to enhance the flexibility of the company. Flexibility is necessary in order to give more attention to the clamor of the consumers as to the effectivity of the product of the company.             This implementation may seem to be a deviation to its program of being concentrated to the markets, which are vital to the existence of the company. However, the author perceived that the company would not deviate but be of progressive. The company will progress because the system will make the company more efficient in making their target market more decided to have their products as to the quality.             Lastly, the author can say that it is the right thing to do not only to answer the demand of the future and of technology, but because implementation of Novaplast is the right because the productiveness of the company is driven to the success of the company. Hence, if the company sees that such implementation is for the success of the company, then the company as a whole will always aim for its success notwithstanding the fact that there is an innovation.   ADAPTABILITY OF THE EMPLOYEES             An innovation is considered to be a success if the whole company will be able to benefit to such changes. The author perceived that the Nypro Inc. falls under the theory of Adaption-Innovation. According to Kirton (2003), the adaption-innovation theory is founded on the assumption that all people solve problems and are creative. The author further stated that the theory states that people differ in the cognitive style in which they are creative, solve problems, and make decisions.             From this note, it can be inferred that Lankton perceived that the idea of implementing such innovation is an answer to the problem of the company. The company may not have a big problem, but such implementation is an answer to the rapid changes of technology. The rapid changes of technology poses a big problem to the company as it necessary that the company will be able to meet the demand of the target market in assuring that such new technology will be the best solution.             The author perceived that the employees of the company would adapt easily to the innovation. The innovation process that is set to be implemented by the company does not mean a deployment of the people. The employees could see that such innovation will make the company be more productive. There is nothing in the innovation that could serve as a threat to the security of tenure of the employees because the establishment of such machines will give them the opportunity to gain additional function as to their work. Furthermore, the implementation of the system will create a new vacancies for position that will make the system run which could be a great opportunity for the employees to grab a higher position.             Furthermore, the company is driven to the satisfaction of its target market hence, the employees will openly accept the innovation because they are trained and driven to do all the possible things that can make their company a success in terms of satisfying the consumers and making the company more successful to what it is now in the present.   CONCLUSION             The following are the key points of the whole analysis. Nypro Inc. is driven to the satisfaction of its target market, and is susceptible to failure. The innovation to be implemented by the company is an answer to both matter mentioned. As Novaplast will guarantee a more quality product for the company, hence the company’s target market will be more than satisfied to its products and services. As what is provided in their website, “Our breadth of service is our advantage.”             Second, Nypro Inc. is susceptible to failure because of the threat of the future. The intended innovation will be an answer to such susceptibility because the company will be more open to the rapid changes of technology. The company will not be left behind in answering the call of technology for innovation.                 REFERENCES BOOKS Ballard, S., James, Jr., T., et. Al. (1989). Innovation through Technical and Scientific Information: Government and Industry Cooperation. New York: Routeledge, Kirton, M.J. (2003). Adaption-Innovation: In the Context of Diversity and Change. New York: Routeledge.    PERIODICALS: Crotty, J. (2008, July 3) Gordon Lankton’s business is Clinton – industry and philanthrophy. Wicked Local Clinton News, 1.   ELECTRONIC RESOURCES www.novaplast.com www.nypro.com The Financial Express (2008). Changing-the-way-we-learn. Retrieved July 9, 2008, from http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Changing-the-way-we-learn/327615/.

Case Study Analysis Lankton

This is a case analysis of how Lankton will be able to manage its planned innovation. The planned innovation is that the company ...

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